The conservation of sleep across all animal species suggests that sleep serves a vital
function. We here report that sleep has a critical function in ensuring metabolic homeostasis. …

Because it lacks a lymphatic circulation, the brain must clear extracellular proteins by an
alternative mechanism. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) functions as a sink for brain extracellular …

CSF from the subarachnoid space moves rapidly into the brain along paravascular routes
surrounding penetrating cerebral arteries, exchanging with brain interstitial fluid (ISF) and …

The nonspecific and variable presentation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has motivated an
intense search for blood-based biomarkers that can objectively predict the severity of injury. …

Glymphatic transport, defined as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) peri-arterial inflow into brain, and
interstitial fluid (ISF) clearance, is reduced in the aging brain. However, it is unclear whether …

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), a healthy vegetable, is widely spread in
tropical and subtropical areas. Previous studies have proven that okra pods possess anti-fatigue …

Microinfarcts are a common clinical feature of the aging brain, particularly in patients with
cognitive decline or vascular or Alzheimer's dementia. However, the natural history of these …

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant disease with extremely high mortality. Our previous work
found that Brucea javanica fruit possesses potent anti-pancreatic cancer activity. In the …

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns
(DAMPs) induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and subsequent formation of active …

Hyaluronic acid (HA), is a polyanionic polysaccharide that consists of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
and β-glucoronic acid. It is most frequently referred to as hyaluronan because it exists in …