Table 4

Marginal effect of receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) on hospital costs ($2013) for patients aged 18–64 years with a primary diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke, 2010–2013 MarketScan Commercial Claim Inpatient Database

		Length of stay
	Total (N=39 149)	<2 days (N=6489)	2–4 days (N=21 696)	≥5 days (N=10 964)
tPA
Non-tPA group	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
IV tPA group	9195**	7453**	9386**	9409**
Age, years
18–44	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
45–54	−1860**	−1354**	−1078**	−3722**
55–64	−2555**	−1817**	−1610**	−4948**
Gender
Female	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Male	724**	140	279*	1934**
Metropolitan statistical area
No	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Yes	1186**	382	630**	2982**
Region
West	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Northeast	−3894**	1409**	−2523**	−10 853 **
North central	−4737**	−67	−3660**	−11 129 **
South	−5879**	−461	−4611**	−12 945 **
Charlson comorbidity index
0–2	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
3–4	1140**	511*	927**	2045**
5 or higher	739**	782**	939**	933
Length of Stay, days
<2	Ref.
2–4	3858**	–	–	–
≥5	18 822 **
Discharge destination
Home	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Rehabilitation facility	5002**	8013**	4171**	6642**
Short-term hospital/SNF/other‡	6407**	873*	2120**	10 942 **
Expired	19 438 **	11 937 **	19 058 **	23 561 **
Year
2010	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
2011	502*	653*	608**	77
2012	762**	934**	734**	396
2013	1523**	1507**	1345**	1659*
Constant	14 420 **	11 123 **	17 507 **	37 332 **

*Statistical significance at p<0.05
**Statistical significance at p<0.01.
‡SNF stands for skilled-nursing facilities. Other discharge status includes transferring to federal hospital, critical access hospital, hospice, long-term care facility, and all other discharge status.