Characteristic | mRS available (n=8646) | mRS missing (n=2703) | P value* |
Demographics | |||
Age (years), mean (SD) | 73.8 (13.1) | 72.9 (14.1) | <0.001 |
Female, no. (%) | 4123 (47.7) | 1280 (47.4) | 0.81 |
Country, no. (%) | <0.001 | ||
Norway | 5737 (66.4) | 2112 (78.1) | |
Switzerland | 2909 (33.6) | 591 (21.9) | |
Risk factors, no. (%) | |||
Diabetes | 1247 (15.0) | 357 (13.7) | 0.12 |
Atrial fibrillation | 2116 (25.1) | 603 (23.2) | 0.045 |
Concomitant medication, no. (%) | |||
Antiplatelets | 2705 (32.3) | 792 (29.8) | 0.017 |
Antiplatelets | 0.059 | ||
None | 5678 (67.7) | 1867 (70.2) | |
Single | 2371 (28.3) | 689 (25.9) | |
Dual | 330 (3.9) | 100 (3.8) | |
Triple | 4 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | |
Antihypertensives | 2896 (48.9) | 883 (45.6) | 0.011 |
Lipid-lowering drugs | 1987 (32.4) | 666 (30.6) | 0.12 |
OACs, no. (%) | 2098 (24.3) | 598 (22.1) | 0.022 |
OAC status, no. (%) | 0.071 | ||
No OACs | 6548 (75.7) | 2105 (77.9) | |
VKAs | 1163 (13.5) | 328 (12.1) | |
DOACs | 935 (10.8) | 270 (10.0) | |
DOAC type, no. (%) | 0.015 | ||
None | 7711 (90.5) | 2433 (92.2) | |
Apixaban | 349 (4.1) | 106 (4.0) | |
Edoxaban | 8 (0.1) | 4 (0.2) | |
Rivaroxaban | 413 (4.8) | 90 (3.4) | |
Dabigatran | 43 (0.5) | 6 (0.2) | |
Medical history, no. (%) | |||
History of ischaemic stroke | 1273 (15.0) | 399 (15.3) | 0.71 |
History of ICH | 869 (10.2) | 267 (10.2) | 0.99 |
History of coronary heart disease/myocardial infarction | 792 (13.3) | 281 (12.5) | 0.34 |
Pre-admission mRS, no. (%) | 0.17 | ||
No symptoms at all | 2930 (50.1) | 1093 (53.0) | |
No significant disability | 1019 (17.4) | 329 (16.0) | |
Slight disability | 814 (13.9) | 252 (12.2) | |
Moderate disability | 667 (11.4) | 241 (11.7) | |
Moderately severe disability | 339 (5.8) | 120 (5.8) | |
Severe disability | 75 (1.3) | 27 (1.3) | |
Clinical presentation on admission | |||
NIHSS on admission, median (IQR) | 7.0 (2.0–16.0) | 6.0 (2.0–13.0) | <0.001 |
Level of consciousness at admission, no. (%) | <0.001 | ||
Alert† | 5444 (64.1) | 1825 (68.7) | |
Drowsy‡ | 1766 (20.8) | 598 (22.5) | |
Comatose§ | 1289 (15.2) | 233 (8.8) | |
Treating hospital level, no. (%) | |||
Treatment at stroke center¶ | 4043 (46.8) | 696 (25.7) | <0.001 |
Local management, no. (%) | 0.17 | ||
Treatment at high-dependency unit** | 5948 (69.0) | 1819 (67.6) |
*Univariate comparison between available mRS and missing mRS.
†GCS 13–15 (SSR) or patient is drowsy, responds by light stimulation (NSR).
‡GCS 9–12 (SSR) or patient is drowsy, reacts only with vigorous repetitive stimulation (NSR).
§GCS 3–8 (SSR) or patient does not respond, or just with non-targeted movement (NSR).
¶Fully equipped tertiary level of care hospital including neurosurgery.
**High-dependency stroke unit/IMC/ICU.
DOACs, direct oral anticoagulants; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; ICU, intensive care unit; IMC, intermediate care; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; NSR, Norwegian Stroke Registry; OACs, oral anticoagulants; SSR, Swiss Stroke Registry; VKAs, Vitamin K antagonists.