Table 2

Subgroup analyses

	Reference 1.80–2.59	<1.40	1.40–1.79	2.60–2.99	3.00–4.89	≥4.90	P interaction
(1) Age
Cases/population, event rate (%)	1445/103 217, 1.40	365/19 540, 1.87	450/25 925, 1.74	678/56 717, 1.20	1413/125 079, 1.13	169/13 789, 1.23	0.20
<65 years, OR (95% CI)	1	1.21 (1.08 to 1.36)	1.21 (1.09 to 1.35)	0.87 (0.79 to 0.95)	0.81 (0.75 to 0.87)	0.74 (0.63 to 0.87)
Cases/population, event rate (%)	2586/146 116, 1.77	765/31 451, 2.43	912/41 662, 2.19	1200/73 153, 1.64	2160/145 714, 1.48	206/16 097, 1.28
≥65 years OR (95% CI)	1	1.28 (1.18 to 1.39)	1.22 (1.13 to 1.32)	0.95 (0.88 to 1.02)	0.85 (0.80 to 0.90)	0.64 (0.56 to 0.74)
(2) Sex
Cases/population, event rate (%)	2548/163 555, 1.56	736/34 102, 2.16	883/45 454, 1.94	1126/82 239, 1.37	1980/157 999, 1.25	215/16 451, 1.31	0.70
Men, OR (95% CI)	1	1.26 (1.16 to 1.37)	1.21 (1.12 to 1.31)	0.90 (0.84 to 0.96)	0.82 (0.77 to 0.87)	0.72 (0.63 to 0.83)
Cases/population, event rate (%)	1483/85 778, 1.73	394/16 889, 2.33	479/22 133, 2.16	752/47 631, 1.58	1593/112 794, 1.41	160/13 435, 1.19
Women, OR (95% CI)	1	1.25 (1.11 to 1.40)	1.23 (1.11 to 1.37)	0.94 (0.86 to 1.03)	0.85 (0.78 to 0.91)	0.64 (0.54 to 0.75)
(3) Body mass index
Cases/population, event rate (%)	2977/176 545, 1.69	833/36 815, 2.26	1036/48 736, 2.13	1334/89 252, 1.49	2456/181 432, 1.35	262/20 396, 1.28	0.40
<25 kg/m², OR (95% CI)	1	1.23 (1.14 to 1.33)	1.23 (1.15 to 1.33)	0.91 (0.85 to 0.97)	0.82 (0.77 to 0.86)	0.67 (0.59 to 0.76)
Cases/population, event rate (%)	1054/72 788, 1.45	297/14 176, 2.10	326/18 851, 1.73	544/40 618, 1.34	1117/89 361, 1.25	113/9490, 1.19
≥25 kg/m², OR (95% CI)	1	1.34 (1.17 to 1.52)	1.17 (1.03 to 1.32)	0.93 (0.84 to 1.04)	0.86 (0.79 to 0.94)	0.72 (0.59 to 0.87)
(4) Thrombolysis treatment
Cases/population, event rate (%)	675/15 139	160/3099	177/3861	284/8134	541/16 494	46/1452	0.04
With thrombolysis treatment, OR (95% CI)	1	1.01 (0.84 to 1.21)	0.96 (0.81 to 1.14)	0.81 (0.70 to 0.94)	0.79 (0.70 to 0.89)	0.63 (0.46 to 0.85)
Cases/population, event rate (%)	3356/234 198	970/47 892	1185/63 726	1594/121 736	3032/254 299	329/28 434
Without thrombolysis treatment, OR (95% CI)	1	1.30 (1.21 to 1.40)	1.26 (1.18 to 1.35)	0.94 (0.88 to 0.99)	0.84 (0.80 to 0.88)	0.69 (0.62 to 0.78)

Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (0–4; 5–15; 16–20; 21–42; missing data of NIHSS); medical history (hypertension; diabetes mellitus); history of anticoagulation; dual antiplatelet therapy; systolic blood pressure (per 20 mm Hg); fasting glucose; intravenous thrombolytic therapy; body mass index, kg/m² (<18.5, 18.5–25, 25–30, ≥30).