Baseline clinical and investigation characteristics by small vessel disease score as determined by recruiting site
| Variable | N | Participants | cSVD | Score* | P value |
| All | None/mild | Moderate to evere | |||
| No of patients, N | 363 | 99 | 264 | ||
| Clinical data (%) | |||||
| SBP mm Hg† | 363 | 143.0 (130.0, 157.0) | 143.0 (128.0, 160.0) | 143.0 (131.0, 155.5) | 0.94 |
| DBP mm Hg | 363 | 83.0 (75.0, 90.0) | 82.0 (75.0, 90.0) | 83.0 (75.5, 90.0) | 0.89 |
| NIHSS (/42)† | 363 | 0.0 (0.0, 2.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 1.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 2.0) | 0.34 |
| Duration of symptoms (days) | 145 | 2.0 (1.0, 5.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 7.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 5.0) | 0.30 |
| Ongoing symptoms | 363 | 218 (60.1) | 58 (58.6) | 160 (60.6) | 0.73 |
| Weakness, side of weakness | 363 | 288 (79.3) | 80 (80.8) | 208 (78.8) | 0.67 |
| Left (%) | 363 | 148 (40.8) | 37 (37.4) | 111 (42.0) | |
| Right (%) | 363 | 138 (38.0) | 43 (43.4) | 95 (36.0) | |
| Both (%) | 363 | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.0) | |
| Sensory loss, side of loss | 363 | 148 (40.8) | 43 (43.4) | 105 (39.8) | 0.53 |
| Left (%) | 363 | 74 (20.4) | 19 (19.2) | 55 (20.8) | |
| Right (%) | 363 | 71 (19.6) | 24 (24.2) | 47 (17.8) | |
| Both (%) | 363 | 3 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.1) | |
| Ataxia | 363 | 84 (23.1) | 17 (17.2) | 67 (25.4) | 0.010 |
| Left (%) | 363 | 41 (11.3) | 5 (5.1) | 36 (13.6) | |
| Right (%) | 363 | 39 (10.7) | 12 (12.1) | 27 (10.2) | |
| Neglect/inattention | 363 | 6 (1.7) | 1 (1.0) | 5 (1.9) | 0.56 |
| Dysphasia | 363 | 19 (5.2) | 6 (6.1) | 13 (4.9) | 0.67 |
| Dysarthria | 363 | 111 (30.6) | 28 (28.3) | 83 (31.4) | 0.56 |
| Visual loss | 363 | 11 (3.0) | 6 (6.1) | 5 (1.9) | 0.039 |
| Cognition | |||||
| MOCA total (/30) | 363 | 26.0 (23.0, 28.0) | 26.0 (23.0, 28.0) | 26.0 (24.0, 28.0) | 0.098 |
| ≤24 (%) | 363 | 119 (32.8) | 39 (39.4) | 80 (30.3) | 0.10 |
| Trail making test part B | |||||
| Time (seconds) | 359 | 110.0 (75.0, 170.0) | 112.0 (74.0, 168.0) | 108.0 (76.0, 171.0) | 0.73 |
| Points | 359 | 25.0 (23.0, 25.0) | 25.0 (23.0, 25.0) | 25.0 (23.0, 25.0) | 0.39 |
| Investigations (%) | |||||
| Type of scan after index stroke (%) | |||||
| CT only | 363 | 101 (27.8) | 40 (40.4) | 61 (23.1) | 0.001 |
| MRI only | 363 | 43 (11.8) | 9 (9.1) | 34 (12.9) | 0.32 |
| Both | 363 | 219 (60.3) | 50 (50.5) | 169 (64.0) | 0.019 |
| Stroke-CT scan (days) | 320 | 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) | 0.26 |
| Stroke-MRI scan (days) | 262 | 3.0 (1.0, 9.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 5.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 11.0) | 0.13 |
| Acute stroke lesion present* | 363 | 296 (81.5) | 68 (68.7) | 228 (86.4) | <0.001 |
| Lesion side of brain, left (%)* | 363 | 164 (45.2) | 45 (45.5) | 119 (45.1) | 0.95 |
| SVD score 1 (%)* | 363 | 206 (56.7) | 0 (0.0) | 206 (78.0) | – |
| WMH/hypoattenuations, yes (%)* | 363 | 179 (49.3) | 0 (0.0) | 179 (67.8) | – |
| Total SVD score*† | 363 | 1.0 (0.0, 2.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 1.0 (1.0, 2.0) | – |
| SVD moderate/severe (%)* | 363 | 264 (72.7) | 0 (0.0) | 264 (100.0) | – |
| Carotid stenosis (%) | 363 | 315 (86.8) | 90 (90.9) | 225 (85.2) | 0.16 |
| Degree of stenosis left <50% | 363 | 312 (86.0) | 90 (90.9) | 222 (84.1) | |
| Degree of stenosis right <50% | 363 | 309 (85.1) | 90 (90.9) | 219 (83.0) | |
| ECG (%) | 0.93 | ||||
| Sinus | 360 | 347 (96.4) | 94 (95.9) | 253 (96.6) | |
| AF | 360 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Other | 360 | 13 (3.6) | 4 (4.1) | 9 (3.4) | |
| Haemoglobin, g/L | 361 | 14.2 (13.3, 15.2) | 14.3 (13.2, 15.3) | 14.2 (13.3, 15.2) | 0.55 |
| Creatinine (µmol/l) | 363 | 77.0 (66.0, 90.0) | 82.0 (69.0, 91.0) | 76.0 (66.0, 90.0) | 0.21 |
| eGFR (mL/min) | 362 | 75.0 (75.0, 78.0) | 75.0 (75.0, 81.0) | 75.0 (75.0, 75.0) | 0.10 |
Data are number (%), median (IQR).
*According to scan read at site.
†Minimisation variable.
F/T, full time; NIHSS, National Institutes Health stroke scale; P/T, part time; SVD, small vessel disease; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.