Baseline characteristics by small vessel disease score as determined by recruiting site
| Variable | N | Participants | cSVD | Score* |
| All | None/mild | Moderate to severe | ||
| No of patients, N | 363 | 99 | 264 | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years† | 363 | 64.0(56.0, 72.0) | 62.0(54.0, 69.0) | 65.0(57.5, 73.0) |
| ≤70 years (%) | 363 | 251 (69.1) | 78 (78.8) | 173 (65.5) |
| Sex, female (%) | 363 | 112 (30.9) | 28 (28.3) | 84 (31.8) |
| modified Rankin Scale (/6) | 363 | 1.0(0.0, 1.0) | 1.0(0.0, 1.0) | 1.0(0.0, 1.0) |
| >1 (%)† | 363 | 85 (23.4) | 23 (23.2) | 62 (23.5) |
| Onset to randomisation (days)† | 363 | 79.0(27.0, 244.0) | 73.0(27.0, 244.0) | 84.5(28.5, 246.5) |
| ≤100 (%) | 363 | 206 (56.7) | 64 (64.6) | 142 (53.8) |
| Age completing education (years) | 363 | 16.0(15.0, 18.0) | 16.0(15.0, 17.0) | 16.0(15.0, 18.0) |
| Highest education level (%)† test | ||||
| Primary school | 363 | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.8) |
| Secondary school | 363 | 129 (35.5) | 36 (36.4) | 93 (35.2) |
| O-level/GCSE or equivalent‡ | 363 | 114 (31.4) | 34 (34.3) | 80 (30.3) |
| A-level or equivalent‡ | 363 | 54 (14.9) | 17 (17.2) | 37 (14.0) |
| College or university undergraduate | 363 | 37 (10.2) | 7 (7.1) | 30 (11.4) |
| College or university postgraduate | 363 | 27 (7.4) | 5 (5.1) | 22 (8.3) |
| Lifestyle | ||||
| Smoking (%)† | ||||
| Current | 363 | 67 (18.5) | 17 (17.2) | 50 (18.9) |
| Past | 363 | 154 (42.4) | 36 (36.4) | 118 (44.7) |
| Never | 363 | 142 (39.1) | 46 (46.5) | 96 (36.4) |
| Medical history (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 363 | 267 (73.6) | 58 (58.6) | 209 (79.2) |
| Hypertension, drug treated | 363 | 258 (71.1) | 55 (55.6) | 203 (76.9) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 363 | 281 (77.4) | 75 (75.8) | 206 (78.0) |
| Hyperlipidaemia, drug treated | 363 | 278 (76.6) | 75 (75.8) | 203 (76.9) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 363 | 80 (22.0) | 20 (20.2) | 60 (22.7) |
| Insulin | 363 | 18 (5.0) | 5 (5.1) | 13 (4.9) |
| Oral agents | 363 | 58 (16.0) | 18 (18.2) | 40 (15.2) |
| Lifestyle | 363 | 24 (6.6) | 3 (3.0) | 21 (8.0) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 363 | 5 (1.4) | 1 (1.0) | 4 (1.5) |
| Heart failure | 363 | 4 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (1.5) |
| Previous stroke | 363 | 25 (6.9) | 2 (2.0) | 23 (8.7) |
| Prior TIA | 363 | 29 (8.0) | 5 (5.1) | 24 (9.1) |
| Family history, young stroke | 363 | 55 (15.2) | 16 (16.2) | 39 (14.8) |
| Current medications (%) | ||||
| Anticoagulants | 363 | 5 (1.4) | 1 (1.0) | 4 (1.5) |
| Antibiotics | 363 | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.8) |
| Antihypertensive | 363 | 277 (76.3) | 67 (67.7) | 210 (79.5) |
| ACE-inhibitors | 132 (36.4) | 32 (32.3) | 100 (37.9) | |
| Angiotensin-II RA | 54 (14.9) | 14 (14.1) | 40 (15.2) | |
| Renin inhibitor | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Beta-RA | 41 (11.3) | 10 (10.1) | 31 (11.7) | |
| CCB | 164 (45.2) | 33 (33.3) | 131 (49.6) | |
| Diuretic | 51 (14.0) | 13 (13.1) | 38 (14.4) | |
| Alpha-RA | 17 (4.7) | 3 (3.0) | 14 (5.3) | |
| Centrally active | 2 (0.6) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Antiplatelet | 363 | 352 (97.0) | 97 (98.0) | 255 (96.6) |
| Lipid lowering | 363 | 341 (93.9) | 91 (91.9) | 250 (94.7) |
| Proton pump inhibitor | 363 | 128 (35.3) | 30 (30.3) | 98 (37.1) |
| PDE5 inhibitor | 363 | 7 (1.9) | 3 (3.0) | 4 (1.5) |
| Grapefruit juice more than once a week | 363 | 15 (0.04) | 3 (0.03) | 12 (0.04) |
| Other drugs | 363 | 236 (65.0) | 67 (67.7) | 169 (64.0) |
| Nor of drugs taken/day | 363 | 4.0 (3.0, 4.0) | 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 5.0) |
Data are number (%), median (IQR).
*According to scan read at site.
†Minimisation variable.
‡School exams at age 16 (O-level/GCSE or equivalent) and 18 (A-level or equivalent).
CCB, calcium channel blocker; F/T, full time; P/T, part time; RA, receptor antagonist; SVD, small vessel disease; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.