Prevalence of stroke by age, sex and socioeconomic factors in China from 2003 to 2018
| 2003 | 2008 | 2013 | 2018 | P value for trend† | |||||
| No of Participants | Rates/100 000 people (95% CI)* | No of Participants | Rates/100 000 (95% CI) | No of Participants | Rates/100 000 (95% CI) | No of Participants | Rates/100 000 (95% CI) | ||
| Overall | 154 077 | 879 (834 to 924) | 146 231 | 1100 (1052 to 1147) | 230 067 | 1098 (1063 to 1133) | 212 318 | 1613 (1572 to 1655) | <0.001 |
| Age | |||||||||
| ＜30 years | 38 424 | 36 (17 to 56) | 32 368 | 34 (14 to 54) | 41 312 | 38 (19 to 57) | 26 898 | 30 (9 to 51) | 0.71 |
| 30–39 years | 34 367 | 112 (77 to 147) | 26 449 | 139 (94 to 184) | 33 173 | 122 (85 to 160) | 29 530 | 106 (68 to 143) | 0.78 |
| 40–49 years | 30 953 | 426 (353 to 498) | 29 495 | 536 (452 to 619) | 49 622 | 556 (491 to 622) | 40 291 | 787 (701 to 873) | <0.001 |
| 50–59 years | 24 077 | 1228 (1089 to 1367) | 28 360 | 1691 (1541 to 1842) | 44 903 | 1661 (1543 to 1780) | 45 941 | 2448 (2306 to 2589) | <0.001 |
| 60–69 years | 14 696 | 2822 (2555 to 3089) | 16 017 | 3687 (3395 to 3979) | 35 952 | 3506 (3315 to 3696) | 41 793 | 5575 (5354 to 5795) | <0.001 |
| ≥70 years | 11 560 | 4650 (4267 to 5034) | 13 542 | 5305 (4928 to 5683) | 25 105 | 5748 (5460 to 6035) | 27 865 | 8137 (7816 to 8459) | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 77 282 | 815 (753 to 878) | 74 236 | 1059 (992 to 1126) | 117 830 | 1088 (1038 to 1137) | 109 142 | 1542 (1485 to 1599) | <0.001 |
| Male | 76 792 | 941 (876 to 1007) | 71 955 | 1139 (1070 to 1208) | 112 235 | 1109 (1059 to 1159) | 103 176 | 1686 (1626 to 1747) | <0.001 |
| Education | |||||||||
| College | 8774 | 1308 (986 to 1631) | 9563 | 769 (547 to 991) | 25 522 | 723 (592 to 855) | 11 763 | 857 (620 to 1094) | 0.99 |
| Senior high | 22 864 | 1363 (1110 to 1616) | 23 365 | 1206 (1027 to 1385) | 42 325 | 971 (874 to 1069) | 27 439 | 1409 (1271 to 1547) | 0.74 |
| Junior high | 52 575 | 1106 (946 to 1266) | 51 891 | 1235 (1096 to 1374) | 79 492 | 1221 (1141 to 1302) | 67 420 | 1614 (1531 to 1696) | <0.001 |
| Primary | 40 661 | 887 (792 to 982) | 38 589 | 1134 (1041 to 1226) | 55 629 | 1158 (1088 to 1229) | 51 882 | 1808 (1711 to 1906) | <0.001 |
| None | 28 964 | 803 (692 to 914) | 22 591 | 1044 (925 to 1164) | 27 051 | 1013 (912 to 1115) | 25 201 | 1731 (1578 to 1885) | <0.001 |
| Occupation | |||||||||
| Employed | 117 169 | 573 (526 to 621) | 99 625 | 787 (724 to 851) | 151 692 | 820 (769 to 870) | 119 290 | 1285 (1213 to 1358) | <0.001 |
| Retired | 11 788 | 1438 (1200 to 1676) | 13 942 | 1478 (1064 to 1892) | 31 383 | 1244 (1038 to 1449) | 31 827 | 1941 (1433 to 2449) | <0.001 |
| Unemployed | 14 870 | 1452 (1256 to 1648) | 22 042 | 1756 (1596 to 1917) | 36 328 | 1823 (1687 to 1959) | 49 273 | 2250 (2129 to 2371) | <0.001 |
| Income | |||||||||
| High | 53 259 | 907 (827 to 986) | 50 492 | 1087 (1004 to 1170) | 78 765 | 1010 (952 to 1069) | 81 324 | 1229 (1172 to 1287) | <0.001 |
| Middle | 50 691 | 844 (765 to 923) | 48 251 | 1092 (1007 to 1177) | 75 792 | 1098 (1035 to 1160) | 68 128 | 1675 (1596 to 1753) | <0.001 |
| Low | 50 127 | 895 (816 to 974) | 47 488 | 1134 (1050 to 1217) | 75 510 | 1207 (1143 to 1271) | 62 496 | 2052 (1966 to 2139) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Married | 115 086 | 925 (867 to 982) | 109 292 | 1138 (1073 to 1204) | 181 364 | 1103 (1061 to 1145) | 20 800 | 1276 (858 to 1694) | <0.001 |
| Single | 27 738 | 680 (292 to 1069) | 23 949 | 920 (594 to 1245) | 29 738 | 913 (636 to 1189) | 172 082 | 1599 (1552 to 1646) | <0.001 |
| Divorced | 1649 | 789 (267 to 1311) | 2021 | 736 (341 to 1131) | 3214 | 1280 (851 to 1710) | 15 172 | 1549 (1368 to 1729) | <0.001 |
| Widowed | 9504 | 700 (550 to 849) | 10 409 | 1274 (950 to 1598) | 15 453 | 1156 (843 to 1470) | 3917 | 1715 (1351 to 2080) | <0.001 |
*All estimates were age and sex standardised to the 2010 Chinese census. Presence of stroke was based on participants’ self-report of a previous diagnosis by medical institution.
†P value for trend calculated using one-sided (increasing trend) Cochran-Armitage trend test.