Variables | Total, n (%) N=790 811 | Documented DS, n (%) N=622 718 (78.7%) | No documented DS, n (%) N=168 093 (21.3%) | ASD |
Age, mean (SE) | 66.2 (12.0) | 66.2 (12.0) | 65.8 (11.9) | 3.3 |
Male | 494 756 (62.6) | 390 000 (62.6) | 104 756 (62.3) | 0.6 |
Arrival by EMS | 82 859 (10.5) | 66 569 (10.7) | 16 290 (9.7) | 3.3 |
Admission NIHSS score, median (IQR)* | 3.0 (2.0–6.0) | 3.0 (2.0–6.0) | 3.0 (2.0–6.0) | 5.7 |
0–3 | 347 950 (44.0) | 290 681 (46.7) | 57 269 (34.1) | 25.9 |
4–14 | 251 270 (31.8) | 211 311 (33.9) | 39 959 (23.8) | 22.4 |
≥15 | 34 051 (4.3) | 27 072 (4.3) | 6979 (4.2) | 0.5 |
Hospitalised in SUs | 193 968 (24.5) | 162 518 (26.1) | 31 450 (18.7) | 17.8 |
Medical history | ||||
Stroke/TIA | 263 769 (33.4) | 203 928 (32.7) | 59 841 (35.6) | 6.1 |
Hypertension | 509 975 (64.5) | 405 731 (65.2) | 104 244 (62.0) | 6.7 |
Diabetes mellitus | 170 334 (21.5) | 136 209 (21.9) | 34 125 (20.3) | 3.9 |
Dyslipidaemia | 61 111 (7.7) | 47 051 (7.6) | 14 060 (8.4) | 2.9 |
CHD/previous MI | 69 357 (8.8) | 55 383 (8.9) | 13 974 (8.3) | 2.1 |
Atrial fibrillation | 39 276 (5.0) | 31 983 (5.1) | 7293 (4.3) | 3.8 |
Carotid stenosis | 10 288 (1.3) | 8152 (1.3) | 2136 (1.3) | <0.01 |
PVD | 13 775 (1.7) | 10 760 (1.7) | 3015 (1.8) | 0.8 |
Heart failure | 7884 (1.0) | 6351 (1.0) | 1533 (0.9) | 1.0 |
Dementia | 3743 (0.5) | 3096 (0.5) | 647 (0.4) | 1.5 |
Smoking | 293 172 (37.1) | 232 940 (37.4) | 60 232 (35.8) | 3.3 |
Alcoholism | 185 420 (23.4) | 147 324 (23.7) | 38 096 (22.7) | 2.4 |
Region | ||||
Eastern | 367 586 (46.5) | 294 309 (47.3) | 73 277 (43.6) | 7.4 |
Central | 258 162 (32.6) | 194 643 (31.3) | 63 519 (37.8) | 13.7 |
Western | 165 063 (20.9) | 133 766 (21.5) | 31 297 (18.6) | 7.2 |
Hospital grade | ||||
Secondary | 307 090 (38.8) | 239 975 (38.5) | 67 115 (39.9) | 2.9 |
Tertiary | 483 721 (61.2) | 382 743 (61.5) | 100 978 (60.1) | 2.9 |
*The NIHSS score was missing for 157 540 (19.9%) patients.
.ASDs, absolute standardised differences; CHD, coronary heart disease; DS, dysphagia screening; EMS, emergency medical services; MI, myocardial infarction; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; SUs, stroke units; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.