Comparison of clinical characteristics between cohort of the training set and test set
| Cohort of the training set (n=15 365) | Cohort of the test set (n=4215) | P value | |
| Female, n (%) | 5868 (38.2) | 1518 (36.0) | 0.010 |
| Age, year, median (IQR) | 70 (60–79) | 71 (60–79) | 0.012 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 3274 (21.3) | 804 (19.1) | 0.002 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 338 (2.2) | 75 (1.8) | 0.104 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 1283 (8.4) | 303 (7.2) | 0.015 |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 174 (1.1) | 25 (0.6) | 0.002 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 4637 (30.2) | 1181 (28.0) | 0.007 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 890 (5.8) | 199 (4.7) | 0.008 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2497 (16.3) | 702 (16.7) | 0.526 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 9815 (63.9) | 2624 (62.3) | 0.053 |
| History of stroke/TIA, n (%) | 1968 (12.8) | 560 (13.3) | 0.422 |
| Hyperhomocysteinaemia, n (%) | 1011 (6.6) | 237 (5.6) | 0.026 |
| Prior anticoagulation therapy, n (%) | 338 (2.2) | 83 (2.0) | 0.400 |
| Prior antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | 2191 (14.3) | 558 (13.2) | 0.094 |
| LVO, n (%) | 4417 (28.7) | 1279 (30.3) | 0.044 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg, median (IQR) | 154 (139–168) | 153 (139–167) | 0.450 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg, median (IQR) | 85 (76–94) | 84 (76–94) | 0.065 |
| NIHSS sum, median (IQR) | 6 (3–13) | 5 (2–12) | <0.001 |
| NIHSS items | |||
| LOC, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.288 |
| LOC questions, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.064 |
| LOC commands, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.020 |
| Gaze deviation, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.001 |
| Visual field test, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.341 |
| Facial palsy, median (IQR) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 0.003 |
| Motor left arm, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| Motor right arm, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0.258 |
| Motor left leg, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| Motor right leg, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0.063 |
| Limb ataxia, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.002 |
| Sensory, median (IQR) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 0.003 |
| Aphasia, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0.003 |
| Dysarthria, median (IQR) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 0.014 |
| Extinction and inattention, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.678 |
LOC, level of consciousness; LVO, large vessel occlusion; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.