Patient demographic characteristics and flow volume in each group
| No-PCI group (125) | PCI group (142) | P value | PCI+TIA (196) | P value | |
| Age | 65.2±8.7 | 65.5±9.2 | 0.760 | 65.4±8.9 | 0.912 |
| Sex (male) | 105 (84.0) | 131 (90.8) | 0.090 | 169 (86.2) | 0.583 |
| Hypertension | 100 (80.0) | 107 (75.4) | 0.364 | 149 (76.0) | 0.405 |
| Coronary heart disease | 28 (22.4) | 27 (19.0) | 0.495 | 44 (22.4) | 0.992 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 51 (40.8) | 52 (36.6) | 0.484 | 66 (33.7) | 0.196 |
| Smoking history | 82 (65.6) | 97 (68.3) | 0.638 | 127 (64.8) | 0.883 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 58 (46.4) | 65 (45.8) | 0.919 | 91 (46.4) | 0.996 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.1±2.3 | 5.8±1.7 | 0.192 | 5.7±1.7 | 0.106 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.7±0.9 | 3.5±0.9 | 0.109 | 3.5±0.9 | 0.213 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 2.1±0.7 | 2.0±0.7 | 0.258 | 2.1±0.7 | 0.282 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.1±0.8 | 2.0±0.8 | 0.258 | 2.1±0.7 | 0.282 |
| Antiplatelet | 75(60) | 91 (64.1) | 0.492 | 123 (62.8) | 0.621 |
| Statin | 76 (60.8) | 86 (60.6) | 0.968 | 117 (59.7) | 0.844 |
| Mechanism | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| LAA | 0 | 94 (66.2) | 94 (48.0) | ||
| Br A | 0 | 48 (33.8) | 48 (24.5) | ||
| Combined with severe anterior artery stenosis | 78 (62.4) | 45 (31.7) | <0.001 | 56 (28.6) | <0.001 |
| Contralateral VA stenosis | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <70% | 107 (85.6) | 88 (60.6) | 127 (64.8) | ||
| ≥70% or occlusion | 11 (8.8) | 46 (32.4) | 56 (28.6) | ||
| Hypoplasia (diameter less than 2.5 mm) | 7 (5.6) | 10 (7.0) | 13 (6.6) | ||
| V2 segment diameter(mm) | 3.3±0.6 | 3.4±0.6 | 0.206 | 3.4±0.6 | 0.334 |
| Ipsilateral VA flow volume(ml/min) | 76.4±46.6 | 64.5±40.4 | 0.027 | 66.8±41.3 | 0.056 |
| NVAFV (mL/min) | 182.8±70.2 | 141.0±60.9 | <0.001 | 147.3±61.2 | <0.001 |
Severe anterior artery stenosis: unilateral or bilateral extracranial carotid artery severe stenosis (≥70%) or occlusion.
Br A, branch artery occlusive disease; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; LDL, low density lipoprotein; NVAFV, net vertebral artery flow volume; PCI, posterior circulation infarction; TIA, transient ischaemic stroke; VA, vertebral artery.