Clinical features of MI caused by sVAD and non-sVAD
| sVADN=47 | Non-sVADN=81 | P | |
| Sex, N (%) | |||
| Female | 10 (21.28) | 12 (14.81) | 0.350 |
| Male | 37 (78.72) | 69 (85.19) | |
| Age, Med (IQR) | 44 (34,53) | 58 (52,66) | 0.000 |
| Onset, N (%) | |||
| Sudden onset | 34 (72.34) | 73 (90.12) | 0.009 |
| Non-sudden onset | 13 (27.66) | 8 (9.87) | |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 21 (44.68) | 55 (67.90) | 0.010 |
| Coronary heart disease, N (%) | 1 (2.13) | 5 (6.17) | 0.413 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 9 (19.15) | 37 (45.69) | 0.003 |
| Dyslipidaemia, N (%) | 11 (23.40) | 26 (32.10) | 0.296 |
| Atrial fibrillation, N (%) | 1 (2.13) | 2 (2.47) | 1.000 |
| Past stroke history, N (%) | 1 (2.13) | 10 (12.35) | 0.054 |
| Smoker, N (%) | 20 (42.55) | 27 (33.33) | 0.297 |
| Alcohol, N (%) | 10 (21.28) | 10 (12.35) | 0.180 |
| Family history of stroke, N (%) | 1 (2.13) | 5 (6.17) | 0.157 |
| Minor neck injury, N (%) | 9 (19.15) | 1 (1.23) | 0.001 |
| Headache, N (%) | 22 (46.81) | 6 (7.41) | 0.000 |
| Neck pain, N (%) | 2 (4.26) | 4 (4.94) | 1.000 |
| Side of infarction, N (%) | |||
| Left | 25 (53.19) | 37 (45.68) | 0.147 |
| Right | 22 (46.81) | 38 (46.91) | |
| Bilateral | 0 | 6 (7.41) | |
| Medial MI | 3 (6.38) | 30 (37.04) | 0.000 |
| Lateral MI | 43 (91.48) | 51 (62.96) | 0.000 |
| Both medial and lateral MI | 1 (2.13) | 0 | 0.367 |
| Vertebral perforative infarction, N (%) | 39 (82.98) | 62 (76.54) | 0.390 |
| Multi-level medulla involvement, N (%) | 8 (17.02) | 19 (23.46) | 0.390 |
| Cerebellum involvement, N (%) | 7 (14.89) | 13 (16.05) | 0.862 |
| Involvement of other posterior vascular territories, N (%) | 2 (4.26) | 9 (11.11) | 0.326 |
MI, medullary infarction; sVAD, spontaneous vertebral artery dissection.