Baseline characteristics of patients with different TOAST subtypes
| Variate | All | LAA | SAO | P value |
| N=1390 | n=860 | n=530 | ||
| Age, years | 62.5±10.5 | 63.0±10.2 | 61.7±11.0 | 0.0102 |
| Male, n (%) | 960 (69.1) | 606 (70.5) | 354 (66.8) | 0.1522 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.9±3.6 | 24.9±3.9 | 25.0±2.9 | 0.1199 |
| 24-hour heart rate, bpm | 70.4±9.5 | 70.4±9.4 | 70.6±9.6 | 0.5566 |
| 24-hour average BP | ||||
| SBP, mm Hg | 143.0±17.8 | 143.3±17.7 | 142.5±18.0 | 0.4809 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 84.8±13.2 | 84.5±13.0 | 85.3±13.5 | 0.2896 |
| Daytime average BP | ||||
| SBP, mm Hg | 144.2±17.9 | 144.5±17.8 | 143.8±18.0 | 0.4904 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 85.8±13.6 | 85.5±13.5 | 86.4±13.9 | 0.1887 |
| Night-time average BP | ||||
| SBP, mm Hg | 138.7±20.2 | 139.1±20.1 | 138.0±20.2 | 0.4591 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 81.2±13.5 | 81.1±13.3 | 81.3±13.8 | 0.9586 |
| NIHSS score on admission, n (%) | ＜0.0001 | |||
| ≤4 | 1053 (75.8) | 607 (70.6) | 446 (84.2) | |
| 5–15 | 327 (23.5) | 245 (28.5) | 82 (15.5) | |
| >15 | 10 (0.7) | 8 (0.9) | 2 (0.4) | |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| Ischaemic stroke | 327 (23.5) | 206 (24.0) | 121 (22.8) | 0.6490 |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 29 (2.1) | 22 (2.6) | 7 (1.3) | 0.2930 |
| Myocardial infarction | 31 (2.2) | 23 (2.7) | 8 (1.5) | 0.1911 |
| Congestive heart failure | 9 (0.7) | 6 (0.7) | 3 (0.6) | 0.5154 |
| Known atrial fibrillation or flutter | 17 (1.2) | 11 (1.3) | 6 (1.1) | 0.6843 |
| Hypertension | 985 (70.9) | 620 (72.2) | 365 (68.9) | 0.0480 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 317 (22.9) | 213 (24.8) | 104 (19.7) | 0.0890 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 135 (9.7) | 93 (10.8) | 42 (7.9) | 0.1868 |
| Current or former smoker | 620 (44.6) | 387 (45.0) | 233 (44.0) | 0.7390 |
| Moderate or heavy drinking | 532 (38.3) | 329 (38.3) | 203 (38.3) | 1.0000 |
| Secondary prevention, n (%) | ||||
| Antiplatelet | 266 (19.2) | 163 (19.0) | 103 (19.4) | 0.8142 |
| Antihypertensive | 762 (54.9) | 479 (55.8) | 283 (53.4) | 0.1994 |
| Lipid-lowering | 140 (10.1) | 83 (9.7) | 57 (10.8) | 0.7850 |
| Antidiabetic | 265 (19.1) | 175 (20.4) | 90 (17.0) | 0.0577 |
Data shown as mean±SD or frequency (percentage).
P values are related to the comparison between LAA subtype and SAO subtype.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; bpm, beats per minute; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SAO, small artery occlusion; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.