Clinical and demographic characteristics of FVH (+) and FVH (−) patients in all patients and four subgroups
| All patients | BZ group | ML group | LT group | SL group | |||||||||||
| FVH− | FVH+ | P value | FVH− | FVH+ | P value | FVH− | FVH+ | P value | FVH− | FVH+ | P value | FVH− | FVH+ | P value | |
| N=103 (%) | N=100 (%) | N=43 (%) | N=29 (%) | N=25 (%) | N=39 (%) | N=11 (%) | N=26 (%) | N=24 (%) | N=6 (%) | ||||||
| Sex (men) | 82 (79.6) | 87 (87.0) | 0.159 | 35 (81.4) | 25 (86.2) | 0.830 | 21 (84.0) | 33 (84.6) | 0.999 | 9 (81.8) | 23 (88.5) | 0.989 | 17 (70.8) | 6 (100) | 0.331 |
| Age | 63.2±10.1 | 63.4±10.4 | 0.870 | 64.7±9.4 | 63.6±10.1 | 0.634 | 62.7±9.5 | 63.3±10.2 | 0.826 | 66.6±12.7 | 62.9±11.6 | 0.395 | 59.3±10.1 | 65.7±9.8 | 0.174 |
| Hypertension | 81 (78.6) | 72 (72) | 0.272 | 34 (79.1) | 19 (65.5) | 0.201 | 20 (80.0) | 28 (71.8) | 0.460 | 7 (63.6) | 21 (80.8) | 0.490 | 20 (83.3) | 4 (66.7) | 0.732 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 34 (33.0) | 36 (36.0) | 0.654 | 17 (39.5) | 12 (41.4) | 0.876 | 6 (24.0) | 11 (28.2) | 0.710 | 2 (18.2) | 10 (38.5) | 0.412 | 9 (37.5) | 3 (50.0) | 0.926 |
| Coronary heart disease | 14 (13.6) | 19 (19.0) | 0.296 | 6 (14.0) | 6 (20.7) | 0.667 | 2 (8.0) | 7 (17.9) | 0.454 | 3 (27.3) | 6 (23.1) | 0.999 | 3 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 55 (53.4) | 42 (42.0) | 0.104 | 25 (58.1) | 15 (51.7) | 0.591 | 14 (56.0) | 17 (43.6) | 0.332 | 4 (36.4) | 9 (34.6) | 0.999 | 12 (50.0) | 1 (16.7) | 0.311 |
| Previous stroke | 29 (28.2) | 25 (25.0) | 0.611 | 11 (25.6) | 8 (27.6) | 0.850 | 10 (40.0) | 7 (17.9) | 0.051 | 3 (27.3) | 5 (19.2) | 0.915 | 5 (20.8) | 5 (83.3) | 0.015* |
| Smoking | 58 (56.3) | 62 (62.0) | 0.410 | 24 (55.8) | 17 (58.6) | 0.814 | 15 (60.0) | 23 (59.0) | 0.935 | 8 (72.7) | 19 (73.1) | 0.999 | 11 (45.8) | 3 (50.0) | 0.999 |
| Drinking | 57 (55.3) | 54 (54.0) | 0.848 | 24 (55.8) | 15 (51.7) | 0.733 | 13 (52.0) | 25 (64.1) | 0.336 | 7 (63.6) | 13 (50.0) | 0.447 | 13 (54.2) | 1 (16.7) | 0.234 |
| Lacunar infarct | 56 (54.4) | 62 (62.0) | 0.271 | 23 (53.5) | 18 (62.1) | 0.471 | 16 (64.0) | 26 (66.7) | 0.827 | 4 (36.4) | 15 (57.7) | 0.235 | 13 (54.2) | 3 (50.0) | 0.999 |
| Occlusion | 11 (10.7) | 58 (58.0) | <0.001* | 2 (4.7) | 13 (44.8) | <0.001* | 5 (20.0) | 24 (61.5) | 0.001* | 3 (27.3) | 17 (65.4) | 0.033* | 1 (4.2) | 4 (66.7) | 0.002* |
| WMH (subcortical） | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 0.366 | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.643 | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) | 0.265 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.750 | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–2.25) | 0.209 |
| WMH (periventricular） | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0.992 | 1 (1–2) | 1 (0–1.5) | 0.471 | 1 (0.5–1.5) | 1 (1–3) | 0.295 | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–1) | 0.559 | 1 (0.25–2) | 1 (1–1.25) | 0.732 |
| NIHSS-ad | 5 (3–9) | 7.5 (4–12) | 0.002* | 5 (3–9) | 6 (4–10.5) | 0.149 | 5 (4–9.5) | 5 (4–11) | 0.830 | 8.7±6.0 | 11.1±5.1 | 0.224 | 5.0±2.4 | 7.2±2.3 | 0.064 |
| mRS ≥2 | 36 (34.3) | 69 (65.7) | <0.001* | 10 (23.3) | 21 (72.4) | <0.001* | 8 (32.0) | 24 (61.5) | 0.021* | 6 (54.5) | 22 (84.6) | 0.126 | 12 (50.0) | 1 (16.7) | 0.311 |
| mRS ≥3 | 18 (17.5) | 47 (47.0) | <0.001* | 3 (7.0) | 14 (48.3) | <0.001* | 4 (16.0) | 15 (38.5) | 0.055 | 4 (36.4) | 18 (69.2) | 0.135 | 7 (29.2) | 0 (0) | 0.331 |
| mRS at discharge | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–4) | <0.001* | 1 (0–1) | 2 (1–4) | <0.001* | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–4) | 0.011* | 2 (1–4) | 4 (2–4) | 0.088 | 1.5 (1–3) | 1 (1–1.25) | 0.210 |
| Hospitalisation (days) | 7 (6–9) | 8 (7–10) | 0.009* | 7 (6–8) | 8 (7–10) | 0.014* | 7 (6–8) | 9 (7–10) | 0.007* | 10(9-11) | 9 (6.75–11.25) | 0.277 | 8 (6.25–10) | 7.5 (6.5–8.5) | 0.529 |
| r-tPA to MRI time (days) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) | 0.624 | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.915 | 2 (1–3) | 1 (1–3) | 0.057 | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–2) | 0.180 | 1 (1–2) | 1.5 (1–2.25) | 0.668 |
Data are presented as median (IQR), mean±SD or n (%).
*Significantly different.
BZ group, border-zone infarct group; FVH, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity; LT group, large territory infarct group; ML group, multiple lesion infarcts group; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS-ad, National Institute of Healthy Stroke Scale at admission; r-tPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; SL group, single cortical or subcortical lesion group; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.