Baseline and procedural characteristics
| Characteristics | All patients (n=915) | Non-APT (n=716) | APT | P value* | P value† | ||
| Total (n=199) | SAPT (n=137) | DAPT (n=62) | |||||
| Age, mean+SD | 64 (55–72) | 64 (55–73) | 62 (55–69) | 62 (55–69) | 62 (57–69.25) | 0.095 | 0.248 |
| Male | 611 (66.8) | 465 (64.9) | 146 (73.4) | 97 (70.8) | 49 (79) | 0.026 | 0.043 |
| SBP, mean+SD | 147 (130–161) | 146 (130–160) | 148 (134–161) | 145 (132.5–161) | 151.5 (139.5–165.5) | 0.593 | 0.197 |
| Admission NIHSS, median (IQR) | 14 (9–20) | 14 (9–20) | 15 (10–20) | 15 (11–22) | 14 (4.75–18.25) | 0.975 | 0.083 |
| ASPECTS (anterior circulation only), median (IQR) | 8 (7–8) | 8 (7–8) | 8 (7–8) | 7 (7–8) | 8 (7–10) | 0.78 | 0.005 |
| Vascular risk factors | |||||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 164 (17.9) | 135 (18.9) | 29 (14.6) | 23 (16.8) | 6 (9.7) | 0.164 | 0.182 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 145 (15.8) | 112 (15.6) | 33 (16.6) | 23 (16.8) | 10 (16.1) | 0.748 | 0.943 |
| Previous stroke | 97 (10.6) | 75 (10.5) | 22 (11.1) | 12 (8.8) | 10 (16.1) | 0.814 | 0.286 |
| Hypertension | 499 (54.5) | 378 (52.8) | 121 (60.8) | 80 (58.4) | 41 (66.1) | 0.045 | 0.08 |
| Smoking | 311 (34) | 244 (34.1) | 67 (33.7) | 39 (28.5) | 28 (45.2) | 0.914 | 0.07 |
| Drinking | 142 (15.5) | 109 (15.2) | 33 (16.6) | 23 (16.8) | 10 (16.1) | 0.639 | 0.89 |
| TOAST classification | |||||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis | 649 (70.9) | 501(70) | 148 (74.4) | 102 (74.5) | 46 (74.2) | 0.227 | 0.481 |
| Small perforator | 0 (0) | ||||||
| Cardiogenic | 168 (18.4) | 138 (19.3) | 30 (15.1) | 22 (16.1) | 8 (12.9) | 0.176 | 0.347 |
| Other aetiology | 10 (1.1) | 6 (0.8) | 4 (2) | 4 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 0.307 | 0.094 |
| Unknown aetiology | 88 (9.6) | 71 (9.9) | 17 (8.5) | 9 (6.6) | 8 (12.9) | 0.561 | 0.315 |
| Occlusion site | |||||||
| ICA | 266 (29.1) | 225 (31.4) | 62 (31.2) | 46 (33.6) | 16 (25.8) | 0.942 | 0.548 |
| M1 | 489 (53.4) | 267 (37.3) | 69 (34.7) | 45 (32.8) | 24 (38.7) | 0.498 | 0.58 |
| M2/3 | 160 (17.5) | 66 (9.2) | 18(9) | 9 (6.6) | 9 (14.5) | 0.941 | 0.198 |
| ACA | 5 (0.5) | 3 (04) | 2 (1) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 0.321 | 0.309 |
| PCA | 17 (1.9) | 16 (2.2) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.6) | 0.192 | 0.058 |
| BA | 93 (10.2) | 70 (9.8) | 23 (11.6) | 19 (13.9) | 4 (6.5) | 0.462 | 0.217 |
| VA | 93 (10.2) | 69 (9.6) | 24 (12.1) | 16 (11.7) | 8 (12.9) | 0.317 | 0.585 |
| Anterior circulation stroke (n%) | 712 (77.8) | 561 (78.4) | 151 (75.9) | 102 (74.5) | 49(79) | 0.458 | 0.586 |
| Posterior circulation stroke (n%) | 203 (22.2) | 155 (21.6) | 48 (24.1) | 35 (25.5) | 13(21) | 0.458 | 0.586 |
| OTD time, median (IQR), min | 180 (105–297) | 180 (102.25–285) | 180 (120-300) | 180 (120–300) | 176 (88.75–332.5) | 0.55 | 0.822 |
| DTP time, median (IQR), min | 110 (70–160) | 110 (70–160) | 115 (70–170) | 110 (76–155) | 126.5 (52.25–186.25) | 0.386 | 0.62 |
| PTR time, median (IQR), min | n=911, 80 (50–112) | 80 (55–115) | 70 (44.25–110) | 78 (50–122.5) | 65 (30–90) | 0.033 | 0.001 |
| OTP time, median (IQR), min | 315 (220–440) | 310 (220–430) | 345 (201–460) | 340 (227–449.5) | 379.5 (180–491.25) | 0.25 | 0.508 |
| OTR time, median (IQR), min | n=911, 403 (300–540) | 400 (301.5–530) | 417.5 (300–562.5) | 406 (327.5–547.5) | 440 (242.5–602.5) | 0.491 | 0.655 |
| Periprocedural other antithrombotic and anticoagulant | |||||||
| Bridging IVT | 241 (26.3) | 211 (29.5) | 30 (15.1) | 19 (13.9) | 11 (17.7) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Tirofiban | 308 (33.7) | 197 (27.5) | 111 (55.8) | 80 (58.4) | 31 (50) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Heparin during EVT | 367 (40.1) | 283 (39.5) | 84 (42.2) | 51 (37.2) | 33 (53.2) | 0.494 | 0.081 |
| Procedures characteristics | |||||||
| General anaesthesia | 331 (36.2) | 239 (33.4) | 92 (46.2) | 67 (48.9) | 25 (40.3) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| MT stent retrieval | 645 (70.5) | 497 (69.4) | 148 (74.4) | 105 (76.6) | 43 (69.4) | 0.175 | 0.231 |
| MT aspiration | 60 (6.6) | 31 (4.3) | 29 (14.6) | 21 (15.3) | 8 (12.9) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Intra-arterial thrombolysis | 189 (20.7) | 162 (22.6) | 27 (13.6) | 16 (11.7) | 11 (17.7) | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| Balloon angioplasty | 85 (9.3) | 66 (9.2) | 19 (9.5) | 17 (12.4) | 2 (3.2) | 0.887 | 0.083 |
| Stent angioplasty | 134 (14.6) | 109 (15.2) | 25 (12.6) | 15 (10.9) | 10 (16.1) | 0.348 | 0.407 |
Boldface type indicates statistical significant.
*P value between non-APT and APT group.
†P value between non-APT, SAPT and DAPT groups.
ACA, anterior cerebral artery; APT, antiplatelet; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score; BA, basilar artery; DAPT, dual antiplatelet; DTP, door-to-puncture; EVT, endovascular treatment; ICA, internal carotid artery; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; M1, middle cerebral artery M1 segment; M2/3, middle cerebral artery M2/3 segment; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score; OTD, onset-to-door; OTP, onset-to-puncture; OTR, onset-to-recanalisation; PCA, posterior cerebral artery; PTR, puncture-to-recanalisation; SAPT, single antiplatelet; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TOAST, trial of ORG 10172 in acute stroke treatment; VA, vertebral artery.