Summary characteristics of ongoing trials of RIC in stroke
| Parameter | No of studies | ||
| Study population | Ischaemic stroke/TIA | 31 | |
| Symptomatic intracranial stenosis | 8 | ||
| Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage | 4 | ||
| Unruptured cerebral aneurysm | 3 | ||
| Intracerebral haemorrhage | 3 | ||
| Timing of conditioning | RIPreC | 3 | |
| RIPerC and early RIPostC | 28 | ||
| Chronic RIPostC | 16 | ||
| Unspecified | 1 | ||
| Participants (N) | <100 | 24 | |
| 100–500 | 17 | ||
| 501–1000 | 4 | ||
| >1000 | 3 | ||
| RIC protocol | Cuff pressure | 180 mm Hg | 2 |
| 200 mm Hg | 26 | ||
| 225 mm Hg | 2 | ||
| 20 mm Hg >SBP | 4 | ||
| 30 mm Hg >SBP | 2 | ||
| 50 mm Hg >SBP | 1 | ||
| 110 mm Hg >SBP | 1 | ||
| Variable | 1 | ||
| Unspecified | 9 | ||
| Cycle length | 3 min | 1 | |
| 5 min | 36 | ||
| 10 min | 1 | ||
| Variable | 1 | ||
| Unspecified | 9 | ||
| Cycle frequency | 3 | 5 | |
| 4 | 16 | ||
| 5 | 19 | ||
| Variable | 1 | ||
| Unspecified | 7 | ||
| Limb | Upper | 36 | |
| Lower | 5 | ||
| Unspecified | 7 | ||
| Unilateral | 18 | ||
| Bilateral | 16 | ||
| Unspecified | 14 | ||
| Study location | Asia | 30 | |
| Europe | 10 | ||
| North America | 8 | ||
| Primary outcome measures | Clinical | modified Rankin Scale | 6 |
| Compliance/feasibility | 6 | ||
| Adverse events | 6 | ||
| Recurrent stroke | 4 | ||
| Combined vascular events | 1 | ||
| All-cause mortality | 1 | ||
| NIHSS | 1 | ||
| Walking speed | 1 | ||
| Depression incidence | 1 | ||
| Blood samples | Serum biomarkers | 5 | |
| Immune profile | 2 | ||
| Coagulation profile | 1 | ||
| Radiological | Infarct size/growth | 6 | |
| New infarcts | 2 | ||
| Cerebral blood flow/collateral circulation | 3 | ||
| Vasospasm | 2 | ||
| Flow-mediated dilatation | 1 | ||
| Other | P300 event-related potential | 1 | |
| Cardiac function (echocardiogram) | 1 | ||
| Estimated study completion | 2019 | 11 | |
| 2020 | 10 | ||
| 2021 | 8 | ||
| 2022 | 5 | ||
| 2023 | 0 | ||
| 2024 | 3 |
RIC, remote ischaemic conditioning; RIPerC, Remote ischaemic perconditioning; RIPostC, Remote ischaemic postconditioning; RIPreC, Remote ischaemic preconditioning; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TIA, Transient Ischaemic Attack.