Labelling and tracking stem cells in neurological diseases
| Disease | Cell type | Tracking technology | Tracer | Species | References |
| Stroke | MSC | MRI | Molday ION-Rhodamine B | Pigs/dogs/ Rats | Walczak et al, 201751 |
| Stroke | MSC | MRI/NIRF | BCN-dual-NPs | Mice | Lim et al, 201952 |
| Stroke | MSC | MRI/PAI | GRMNBs | Mice | Chen et al, 201553 |
| Stroke | NSC | MRI/FLI | LV-FTH-EGFP | Mice | Zhang et al, 201754 |
| Stroke | MSC | MRI/SPECT/CT | 125I-fSiO4@SPIOs | Rats | Tang et al, 201555 |
| PD | NSC | MRI | MNP | Rats | Gomez et al, 201510 |
| AD | MSC | MRI | Ferumoxytol | Mice | Lee et al, 201767 |
| ALS | hGRP | MRI | PFC | Mice | Richard et al, 201972 |
| TBI | iPS cell | MRI | SPIO | Rats | Jiang et al, 201978 |
| SCI | BM-MSC | MRI | Gd-DTPA-FA | Rats | Zhang et al, 201786 |
AD, Alzheimer’s disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; BCN-dual-NPs, bicyclic nonyne conjugated ethylene glycol chitosan nanoparticles; BM-MSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; iPS cell, induced pluripotent stem cell; FLI, fluorescence imaging; Gd-DTPA-FA, gadolinium-dimethylene penta-acetic acid-containing nanoparticles; GRMNBs, multi-gold nanorods crystal-seeded magnetic mesoporous silica nanobeads; hGRP, human glial-restricted progenitor; 125I-fSiO4@SPIOs, fluorescent silica-coated SPIOs with 125iodine; LV-FTH-EGFP, a lentiviral vector encoding ferritin heavy chain (FTH) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP); MNP, magnetic nanoparticle; MSC, mesenchymal stem cells; NIRF, near-infrared fluorescent; NSC, neural stem cell; PAI, photoacoustic imaging; PD, Parkinson’s disease; PET, positron emission tomography; PFC, perfluorocarbon; SCI, spinal cord injury; SPECT, single-photon emission CT; SPIO, superparamagnetic iron oxide; TBI, traumatic brain injury.