Multivariate analysis of potential causes of inconsistency between individualised aetiological classification and centralised classification of the study population
| Characteristics | Centrally reassigned LAA | Newly diagnosed LAA | |||
| Variables | Consistent LAA as reference | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Medical history | |||||
| Ischaemic stroke | Yes | 0.841 (0.749 to 0.943) | 0.003 | 0.843 (0.687 to 1.035) | 0.103 |
| TIA | Yes | 0.606 (0.451 to 0.815) | <0.001 | 0.585 (0.333 to 1.028) | 0.062 |
| Dyslipidaemia | Yes | 0.822 (0.689 to 0.980) | 0.029 | 0.806 (0.587 to 1.106) | 0.181 |
| Baseline NIHSS score | 0–3 | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| ≥4 | 0.731 (0.663 to 0.806) | <0.0001 | 0.537 (0.453 to 0.636) | <0.0001 | |
| Inpatient department | Stroke unit | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Other | 1.140 (1.012 to 1.284) | 0.031 | 1.037 (0.843 to 1.274) | 0.733 | |
| Geographical region | West | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Middle | 0.941 (0.770 to 1.150) | 0.551 | 0.445 (0.330 to 0.600) | <0.0001 | |
| East | 0.882 (0.726 to 1.072) | 0.207 | 0.476 (0.359 to 0.631) | <0.0001 | |
| Area | Rural | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Urban | 0.792 (0.687 to 0.913) | 0.001 | 1.163 (0.911 to 1.484) | 0.226 | |
| Hospital type | Secondary | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Tertiary | 0.748 (0.627 to 0.891) | 0.001 | 0.796 (0.591 to 1.072) | 0.133 | |
| P value of interaction for area and hospital type | 0.005 | 0.214 | |||
| Variables | Consistent CE as reference | Centrally reassigned CE | Newly diagnosed CE | ||
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Medical history | |||||
| Known atrial fibrillation or flutter | Yes | 0.122 (0.070 to 0.213) | <0.0001 | 0.086 (0.053 to 0.140) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 1.015 (0.599 to 1.721) | 0.955 | 1.667 (1.060 to 2.623) | 0.027 |
| Baseline NIHSS score | 0–3 | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| ≥4 | 1.658 (1.131 to 2.432) | 0.010 | 0.759 (0.541 to 1.065) | 0.110 | |
| Evaluation of cardiac rhythm | |||||
| Holter | Yes | 1.077 (0.606 to 1.915) | 0.800 | 0.567 (0.350 to 0.919) | 0.021 |
| Variables | Consistent SVO as reference | Centrally reassigned SVO | Newly diagnosed SVO | ||
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age | 1.010 (1.003 to 1.018) | 0.004 | 1.011 (1.003 to 1.019) | 0.005 | |
| Sex | 0.970 (0.813 to 1.158) | 0.738 | 0.741 (0.613 to 0.896) | 0.002 | |
| mRS prior to current event | 1.072 (0.966 to 1.191) | 0.192 | 1.215 (1.091 to 1.354) | <0.001 | |
| Medical history | |||||
| Current or previous smoker | Yes | 0.780 (0.655 to 0.929) | 0.005 | 0.858 (0.716 to 1.028) | 0.096 |
| Baseline NIHSS score | 0–3 | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| ≥4 | 1.360 (1.164 to 1.588) | 0.0001 | 1.452 (1.236 to 1.707) | <0.0001 | |
| Geographical region | West | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Middle | 1.320 (0.982 to 1.775) | 0.066 | 1.447 (1.079 to 1.940) | 0.014 | |
| East | 1.383 (1.039 to 1.839) | 0.026 | 1.125 (0.849 to 1.490) | 0.412 | |
| Area | Rural | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Urban | 0.875 (0.713 to 1.074) | 0.201 | 0.446 (0.360 to 0.552) | <0.0001 | |
| Hospital type | Secondary | 1.000 (ref) | Ref | 1.000 (ref) | Ref |
| Tertiary | 0.839 (0.662 to 1.064) | 0.148 | 1.410 (1.140 to 1.743) | 0.002 | |
| P value of interaction for area and hospital type | 0.003 | 0.037 | |||
| Variables | Consistent OE as reference | Centrally reassigned OE | Newly diagnosed OE | ||
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age | 1.062 (1.022 to 1.102) | 0.002 | 1.062 (1.016 to 1.109) | 0.007 | |
| Sex | 0.293 (0.112 to 0.765) | 0.012 | 0.701 (0.245 to 2.005) | 0.507 | |
| Evaluation of cardiac rhythm | |||||
| EKG | Yes | 1.702 (0.487 to 5.947) | 0.405 | 10.173 (2.019 to 51.258) | 0.005 |
West includes Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan,Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang. Middle includes Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei and Hunan. East includes Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian,Shandong, Guangdong, Hainan, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjian.
CE, cardioembolism; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; OE, other determined cause; ref, reference; SVO, small vessel occlusion.