Baseline characteristics of patients included in the present substudy of CHANCE trial
| Characteristics | No CSVD without ICAS (n=129) | Slight CSVD without ICAS (n=266) | Severe CSVD without ICAS (n=190) | No CSVD with 1 ICAS segment (n=49) | Slight CSVD with 1 ICAS segment (n=120) | Severe CSVD with 1 ICAS segment (n=81) | No CSVD with >1 ICAS segment (n=37) | Slight CSVD with >1 ICAS segment (n=102) | Severe CSVD with >1 ICAS segment (n=71) | P value |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 56.3 (49.8–62.3) | 60.8 (54.2–70.2) | 64.9 (59.4–73.5) | 60.3 (54.7–66.4) | 64.1 (58.8–71.9) | 68.5 (64.0–73.2) | 60.7 (50.6–65.1) | 67.1 (57.2–74.6) | 71.6 (65.4–75.1) | <0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 44 (34.1) | 88 (33.1) | 55 (28.9) | 17 (34.7) | 44 (36.7) | 32 (39.5) | 15 (40.5) | 42 (41.2) | 26 (36.6) | 0.57 |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 24.1 (22.1–26.2) | 24.5 (22.4–26.0) | 24.2 (22.5–25.8) | 25.0 (22.9–27.2) | 24.2 (21.7–26.8) | 24.4 (21.9–26.4) | 24.2 (22.3–26.0) | 24.4 (22.9–26.1) | 24.4 (22.5–26.5) | 0.77 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Ischaemic stroke | 6 (4.7) | 34 (12.8) | 36 (18.9) | 6 (12.2) | 21 (17.5) | 22 (27.2) | 5 (13.5) | 22 (21.6) | 27 (38.0) | <0.001 |
| TIA | 3 (2.3) | 6 (2.3) | 2 (1.1) | 1 (2.0) | 5 (4.2) | 4 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (6.9) | 3 (4.2) | 0.16 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.8) | 5 (2.6) | 3 (6.1) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.0) | 3 (4.2) | 0.06 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1 (0.8) | 5 (1.9) | 2 (1.1) | 3 (6.1) | 2 (1.7) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 3 (4.2) | 0.26 |
| Known atrial fibrillation or flutter | 1 (0.8) | 4 (1.5) | 6 (3.2) | 2 (4.1) | 4 (3.3) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.4) | 0.61 |
| Valvular heart disease | 2 (1.6) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.40 |
| Diabetes | 14 (10.9) | 51 (19.2) | 37 (19.5) | 16 (32.7) | 32 (26.7) | 18 (22.2) | 10 (27.0) | 31 (30.4) | 13 (18.3) | 0.006 |
| Hypertension | 63 (48.8) | 164 (61.7) | 143 (75.3) | 29 (59.2) | 82 (68.3) | 54 (66.7) | 19 (51.4) | 70 (68.6) | 58 (81.7) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 20 (15.5) | 38 (14.3) | 18 (9.5) | 4 (8.2) | 17 (14.2) | 11 (13.6) | 3 (8.1) | 13 (12.7) | 9 (12.7) | 0.74 |
| Currently or previously smoking, n (%) | 63 (48.8) | 112 (42.1) | 81 (42.6) | 23 (46.9) | 48 (40.0) | 31 (38.3) | 10 (27.0) | 44 (43.1) | 21 (29.6) | 0.17 |
| Mean time to randomisation, hour, median (IQR) | 11.8 (6.7–19.0) | 12.0 (7.0–19.8) | 13.8 (9.3–20.5) | 9.7 (6.0–18.3) | 12.8 (8.0–20.0) | 10.6 (6.3–18.5) | 10.3 (6.5–16.3) | 11.4 (6.0–18.0) | 12.0 (7.2–21.0) | 0.04 |
| Qualifying event, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Minor stroke | 82 (63.6) | 194 (72.9) | 165 (86.8) | 35 (71.4) | 82 (68.3) | 68 (84.0) | 29 (78.4) | 80 (78.4) | 58 (81.7) | <0.001 |
| TIA | 47 (36.4) | 72 (27.1) | 25 (13.2) | 14 (28.6) | 38 (31.7) | 13 (16.0) | 8 (21.6) | 22 (21.6) | 13 (18.3) | |
| NIHSS score on admission, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | <0.001 |
| Antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Aspirin only | 67 (51.9) | 130 (48.9) | 98 (51.6) | 22 (44.9) | 69 (57.5) | 42 (51.9) | 21 (56.8) | 53 (52.0) | 33 (46.5) | 0.82 |
| Clopidogrel+aspirin | 62 (48.1) | 136 (51.1) | 92 (48.4) | 27 (55.1) | 51 (42.5) | 39 (48.1) | 16 (43.2) | 49 (48.0) | 38 (53.5) | |
| Outcome, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Stroke | 7 (5.4) | 17 (6.4) | 7 (3.7) | 2 (4.1) | 14 (11.7) | 10 (12.3) | 4 (10.8) | 20 (19.6) | 5 (7.0) | <0.001 |
| Any bleeding | 1 (0.8) | 4 (1.5) | 9 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (2.8) | 0.29 |
BMI, body mass index; CSVD, cerebral small vessel disease; ICAS, intracranial arterial stenosis; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.