Baseline characteristics of patients with different outcome
| Patients with a recurrent stroke | Patients without a recurrent stroke | P value | |
| No., n | 7 | 36 | |
| Age, years | 44.71±14.56 | 47.72±11.80 | 0.527 |
| Male, n (%) | 5 (71.43%) | 23 (63.89%) | 1.000* |
| Time from symptom onset, days | 23.00±13.49 | 35.86±21.54 | 0.443 |
| Stroke as quantifying event, n | 7 (100%) | 25 (69.44%) | 0.060 |
| Hypoperfusion volume 1.5 s, mL | 67.67±52.22 | 48.41±41.42 | 0.2920 |
| Hypoperfusion volume 2.5 s, mL | 47.91±56.76 | 12.54±23.78 | 0.0027 |
| HVR, % | 53.17±29.82 | 16.9±15.57 | 0.0002 |
| HVR severity, n (%) | 0.008* | ||
| 0%–50% | 3 (42.86%) | 33 (91.67%) | |
| ≥50% (severe HVR) | 4 (57.14%) | 3 (8.33%) | |
| Plaque assessment | |||
| Plaque enhancement, n (%) | 0.292 | ||
| Grade 0 | 1 (14.29%) | 5 (13.39%) | |
| Grade 1 | 1 (14.29%) | 16 (44.44%) | |
| Grade 2 | 5 (71.42%) | 15 (41.67%) | |
| Plaque areas, mm2 | 6.40±2.85 | 4.95±3.13 | 0.344 |
| Remodelling index | 1.01±0.23 | 0.96±0.30 | 0.519 |
| Plaque burden, % | 57.79±11.83 | 55.66±14.15 | 0.427 |
| Plaque length, mm | 9.43±2.51 | 8.61±3.23 | 0.429 |
| Risk factors | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3 (42.86%) | 28 (77.78%) | 0.081* |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (27.78%) | 0.172* |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (8.33%) | 1.000* |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 7 (100%) | 29 (80.56%) | 0.577* |
| Smoking, n (%) | 5 (71.43%) | 12 (33.33%) | 0.093* |
| Obesity, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000* |
*Fisher’s exact test.
HVR, hypoperfusion volume ratio.