RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Cellular and molecular imaging for stem cell tracking in neurological diseases JF Stroke and Vascular Neurology JO Stroke Vasc Neurol FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 121 OP 127 DO 10.1136/svn-2020-000408 VO 6 IS 1 A1 Xiaoxia Yang A1 De-Cai Tian A1 Wenyan He A1 Wei Lv A1 Junwan Fan A1 Haowen Li A1 Wei-Na Jin A1 Xia Meng YR 2021 UL http://svn.bmj.com/content/6/1/121.abstract AB Stem cells (SCs) are cells with strong proliferation ability, multilineage differentiation potential and self-renewal capacity. SC transplantation represents an important therapeutic advancement for the treatment strategy of neurological diseases, both in the preclinical experimental and clinical settings. Innovative and breakthrough SC labelling and tracking technologies are widely used to monitor the distribution and viability of transplanted cells non-invasively and longitudinally. Here we summarised the research progress of the main tracers, labelling methods and imaging technologies involved in current SC tracking technologies for various neurological diseases. Finally, the applications, challenges and unresolved problems of current SC tracing technologies were discussed.