Baseline characteristics
| Non-China | China | p Value | |
| Time from stroke onset to randomisation (hour) | 2.4 (1.8–3.1) | 3.1 (2.5–3.7) | <0.0001 |
| Age (years) | 68.2 (13.4) | 64.3 (11.7) | <0.0001 |
| ≥80 | 376/1878 (20.0) | 96/1419 (6.8) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 767/1878 (40.8) | 481/1419 (33.9) | <0.0001 |
| Clinical features | |||
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 148.0 (20.5) | 150.9 (18.7) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 82.6 (12.9) | 87.4 (12.5) | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate (beats per minute) | 80.1 (16.4) | 77.5 (13.8) | <0.0001 |
| GCS score | |||
| Median (Q1-Q3) | 15.0 (14.0–15.0) | 15.0 (13.0–15.0) | <0.0001 |
| Severe (3–8) | 48/1878 (2.6) | 88/1419 (6.2) | <0.0001 |
| NIHSS score | |||
| Median (Q1-Q3) | 8.0 (5.0–14.0) | 8.0 (5.0–14.0) | 0.11 |
| ≥14 | 490/1878 (26.1) | 363/1419 (25.6) | 0.74 |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension | 1199/1876 (63.9) | 866/1412 (61.3) | 0.13 |
| Previous stroke | 293/1878 (15.6) | 296/1419 (20.9) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 251/1876 (13.4) | 228/1412 (16.1) | 0.03 |
| Other heart disease (valvular or other) | 171/1876 (9.1) | 64/1412 (4.5) | <0.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 416/1874 (22.2) | 220/1411 (15.6) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 361/1876 (19.2) | 285/1412 (20.2) | 0.50 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 495/1876 (26.4) | 60/1412 (4.2) | <0.0001 |
| Current smoker | 401/1872 (21.4) | 369/1412 (26.1) | 0.002 |
| Prestroke function (mRS) | |||
| No symptoms | 1439/1875 (76.7) | 1235/1411 (87.5) | <0.0001 |
| No significant disability | 436/1875 (23.3) | 176/1411 (12.5) | |
| Medication at time of admission | |||
| Antihypertensive agents | 980/1876 (52.2) | 518/1412 (36.7) | <0.0001 |
| Warfarin anticoagulation | 67/1873 (3.6) | 15/1412 (1.1) | <0.0001 |
| Aspirin or other antiplatelet agents | 565/1873 (30.2) | 187/1412 (13.2) | <0.0001 |
| Glucose-lowering agents | 245/1873 (13.1) | 171/1412 (12.1) | 0.41 |
| Statin or other lipid-lowering agent | 534/1872 (28.5) | 81/1412 (5.7) | <0.0001 |
| Brain imaging features | |||
| CT scan used | 1815/1876 (96.7) | 1371/1412 (97.1) | 0.57 |
| MRI scan used | 319/1876 (17.0) | 115/1412 (8.1) | <0.0001 |
| Visible early ischaemic changes | 598/1876 (31.9) | 173/1412 (12.3) | <0.0001 |
| Visible cerebral infarction | 503/1876 (26.8) | 240/1412 (17.0) | <0.0001 |
| Visible cerebral infarction with mass effect | 16/1876 (0.9) | 31/1412 (2.2) | 0.0013 |
| CT or MRI angiogram shows proximal occlusion | 445/1834 (24.3) | 60/1412 (4.2) | <0.0001 |
| Final diagnosis at time of hospital separation | |||
| Non-stroke | 87/1853 (4.7) | 10/1381 (0.7) | <0.0001 |
| Large artery occlusion due to significant atheroma | 490/1853 (26.4) | 780/1381 (56.5) | |
| Small vessel or perforating vessel lacunar disease | 317/1853 (17.1) | 356/1381 (25.8) | |
| Cardioembolism | 492/1853 (26.6) | 149/1381 (10.8) | |
| Dissection | 21/1853 (1.1) | 4/1381 (0.3) | |
| Other or uncertain aetiology | 446/1853 (24.1) | 82/1381 (5.9) | |
| Randomised low-dose treatment | 946/1878 (50.4) | 708/1419 (49.9) | 0.79 |
Data are n (%), mean (SD) or median (IQR). p Values are based on χ2 test, t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
BP, blood pressure; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; mRS, modified Rankin scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.